Files
LibreMediaConverter/README.md
T
JMR-devandClaude Opus 5 7db320018a Correct the JDK claim and decide the backup rules
D11's documentation and scaffold items, less the one row that belongs to
another change stream.

README's "Requires JDK 17+ (AGP 9 will not run on older)" was wrong twice
over, and `f496291` already corrected the same claim in CLAUDE.md. The floor
is not AGP's, and 17 is not what compiles anything: Gradle 9.7.1's own
`SupportedJavaVersions` carries MINIMUM_CLIENT_JAVA_VERSION = 8 and
MINIMUM_DAEMON_JAVA_VERSION = 17, and this repo then overrides the daemon
upward to 25 in gradle-daemon-jvm.properties. So the honest statement is
that the launcher floor is 8, the daemon is 25 whatever JAVA_HOME says, and
the app's bytecode is 25 -- which is what `./gradlew --version` shows on
this machine right now, launcher 21 against daemon 25.

The data_extraction_rules TODO is filled in rather than deleted, because
`android:allowBackup="true"` makes it a live question and the answer is not
"nothing to say". The app stores nothing of its own -- no settings, no
history -- so WorkManager's queue is the entire backup payload, and
restoring it is wrong rather than merely useless: every row names a
content:// grant and a cacheDir path that do not survive reaching another
device, and cacheDir is not backed up at all. Since `ec969c4` the ViewModel
queries WorkManager by tag on launch, so those rows would not sit inert
either -- a fresh install would come up reattached to a job the user never
ran on it. WorkManager declares no exclusion of its own, so nothing upstream
prevents it.

allowBackup stays true. The decision belongs in the rules file, where it is
per-file and legible to whoever adds real user data later, rather than in an
app-wide switch that would also turn off device-to-device transfer.

Each file is named instead of excluding the "database" domain in one line.
Lint's FullBackupContent detector skips an <exclude> that carries no path
without checking it, so the one-line spelling could have silently protected
nothing; the enumerated paths are ones the gate actually verifies, and they
are present in the built APK's compiled resource.

backup_rules.xml and android:fullBackupContent are deleted rather than
filled in. That attribute is only read on Android 11 and lower and minSdk is
33, so it could never have applied here -- an equally empty template that,
unlike the other one, had no live question behind it.

Not touched: OutputPublisher's hasSpaceFor KDoc, which the audit lists under
D11. That code belongs to a parked branch and another change stream.

The stale com/example/androidmediaconverter package directory needs no
commit: it is empty, and git has never tracked it because git cannot track
an empty directory. Removed from the working copy directly.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-08-22 19:52:59 -05:00

7.5 KiB
Raw Blame History

LibreMediaConverter

A free and open-source media converter for Android — batch video transcoding and compression, audio extraction and conversion, GIF and frame export, and file merging.

Android 13+ (API 33). Built with Jetpack Compose and Material 3.

Status: working, unreleased. Both conversion engines, the router, the background job queue and the join flow are implemented and building. The FFmpeg format tests have been written but not yet executed on a device.

Licensing at a glance

  • Source code: MIT
  • Distributed APK: GPL-3.0 — because it bundles FFmpeg built with x264/x265

That split is deliberate, not an oversight. See LICENSES/README.md for the reasoning and the corresponding-source obligations.

Architecture

Two conversion engines behind an explicit router, because neither one covers the job alone.

AndroidX Media3 Transformer — the hardware path

Handles the common cases: H.264/HEVC, resolution and frame-rate changes, rotation, overlays, and audio to AAC. Fully hardware accelerated end to end — MediaCodec decodes to a GL surface and MediaCodec re-encodes, so frames never round-trip through the CPU. Roughly 7–8× realtime on 720p.

It writes MP4 and nothing else. media3-muxer ships WebM, Ogg, WAV and AAC muxers too, but none can be driven by Transformer — they throw from addMetadataEntry, which the muxer wrapper calls for every metadata entry a real recording carries. It reads far more than it writes, Matroska included, which is what makes MKV → MP4 a hardware remux.

FFmpeg — the long tail

Everything Media3 structurally cannot do:

  • Containers outside MP4/WebM/Ogg/WAV/AAC — MKV, MOV, AVI, FLV, MPEG-TS, WMV/ASF
  • MP3 output — Android has no MP3 encoder at any version; this is a platform gap
  • GIF and image sequences
  • Input codecs with no platform decoder on the device
  • CRF and 2-pass rate control, for the quality tier
  • Codecs Media3's muxers decline even on a stream copy — its MP4 muxer carries AAC, Opus, Vorbis and PCM, but neither MP3 nor FLAC

Quality tiers

The router is surfaced to users as a quality choice rather than hidden:

Tier Engine Rate control Trade-off
Fast (default) Media3 / MediaCodec bitrate-targeted ~7–8× realtime, low battery cost
Best quality FFmpeg + x264/x265 CRF or 2-pass ~realtime or slower, better quality per byte

A note on "GPU acceleration"

Android has no GPU video codec path. There are three distinct tiers, and conflating them causes a lot of confusion:

  1. Fixed-function video codec silicon — reached through MediaCodec. This is what "hardware accelerated" means for encode and decode. It is not the GPU.
  2. GPU shader cores — genuinely used, but only for filters, scaling, and color effects on already-decoded frames, via OpenGL ES. Never for entropy coding.
  3. CPU — x264, x265, and software decoders.

FFmpeg's -hwaccel is meaningful on Android only as mediacodec, and even then it targets direct-to-Surface playback rather than file-to-file transcoding. Vulkan Video exists in FFmpeg 8.0+ but no shipping Android GPU driver exposes it — no VK_KHR_video_* extension appears in any Android Vulkan Profile tier.

So this app is hardware accelerated via MediaCodec, and GPU accelerated for effects via GL shaders. Both are real; neither is "the GPU decoding video."

Remuxing

Changing the container without touching the streams. Copying an H.264 track from MKV into MP4 moves the same samples into a different wrapper: it finishes in seconds instead of minutes, costs no quality, and needs no encoder — which is why it stays on the hardware path even on a device that cannot encode the codec in question.

Copy is a codec choice like any other, so it can be mixed: copy the video and re-encode only the audio, or the reverse. Picking a codec the source already uses is upgraded to a copy automatically when the container is changing — if container and codec both already match, the only reason to run the job is to re-encode it, so it does.

A copy is never attempted on a stream whose codec could not be identified. A needless re-encode costs time; a wrong stream copy costs a file that will not play.

Features

Formats
Video out MP4, MOV, MKV, WebM, MPEG-TS, AVI, FLV, WMV/ASF
Video codecs H.264, H.265, VP9, or copy the source stream
Audio out MP3, AAC/M4A, FLAC, Opus, WAV, MKA
Audio codecs AAC, Opus, MP3, FLAC, PCM, or copy the source stream
Images GIF, PNG frame sequences
Other Remux without re-encoding; join several files into one

Presets cover the common combinations in one tap. The Advanced picker exposes the full container × codec matrix — including combinations that cannot work, which it explains and offers alternatives for rather than hiding.

Conversions run as durable background work, so they survive leaving the app and are restored after a restart.

Building

Requires the Android SDK with API 37. Do not pick a JDK — the repo does. gradle/gradle-daemon-jvm.properties pins the daemon to Java 25 and carries foojay download URLs per platform, so Gradle finds an installed Java 25 or downloads one on the first build, whatever JAVA_HOME points at. JAVA_HOME only chooses the launcher, which Gradle 9.7.1 will run on Java 8 or newer. Everything the build actually compiles is Java 25, the app's own bytecode included. ./gradlew --version prints the launcher and the daemon separately, and they routinely differ.

FFmpeg is committed as a prebuilt archive under bin/, so a clone builds without a cross-compile. That is deliberate: rebuilding it per CI run made test results ambiguous, because a red build could mean broken code or a build that hiccuped. See bin/README.md for its provenance and how to regenerate it.

./gradlew :app:assembleDebug          # debug APK
./gradlew :app:testDebugUnitTest      # JVM tests
./gradlew :app:connectedDebugAndroidTest   # device tests, needs a running device
./gradlew :app:assembleRelease        # R8-minified release

See tools/ffmpeg/README.md for why the build is containerised and which flags matter. That recipe remains the authority — the committed archive is its output, and is also what satisfies the GPL corresponding-source obligation.

Testing

Unit tests cover the parts that decide correctness without needing hardware: the routing matrix, the container × codec capability matrix, the FFmpeg argument builder, and both stream-copy-versus-re-encode planners. They run against fabricated device profiles, so branches like "this device cannot encode HEVC" are reachable regardless of what the test machine is.

Instrumented tests cover the parts that only a device can prove: real hardware transcoding, the foreground service type, and each FFmpeg output format asserted against the produced file rather than the exit code. The remux tests additionally assert which engine ran — a stream copy produces an identical file either way, so an output-only assertion cannot tell a hardware transmux from FFmpeg's -c copy.

Privacy

The app has no INTERNET permission, so it cannot open a network connection at all. Nothing is uploaded, and there is no analytics or advertising. See PRIVACY.md, which also explains the permissions WorkManager adds automatically.

Contributing

Contributions are welcome. Note that contributions to the source are under MIT, while the distributed binary remains GPL-3.0 for the reasons described in LICENSES/README.md.